Therithal - Important questions with answers: 12 th Std Class Geography

Wednesday 30 March 2016

12 th Std Class Geography - Importance questions with Answer Key

12 th Std Class Geography - Importance questions with Answer Key

PART - I : THEORY

BIOSPHERE

UNIT - I

Lesson : 1. Plants, Animals and Humans

Biosphere : Plants and Animals, The Biomes -- - Download - Key Answer
The forest biomes : Coniferous, Temperate, Tropical forests -- - Download - Key Answer
Temperate And Tropical Grassland Biomes -- - Download - Key Answer
Cold and Tropical deserts Biomes -- - Download - Key Answer
Harvesting Forests and Shrinking Forests -- - Download - Key Answer
Sea Ecosystems -- - Download - Key Answer

Lesson : 2. The Human Potential

Human Evolution and Human Civilisations -- - Download - Key Answer
Growth, Distribution and Density -- - Download - Key Answer
Structure, Composition and Population Explosion -- - Download - Key Answer
Malthusâ€™ Population Theory and Marxâ€™s Ideas on Population -- - Download - Key Answer

UNIT - II

HUMAN - MADE ECOSYSTEMS - I

Lesson : 3. Settlement Systems

Human-made ecosystems : settlement systems -- - Download - Key Answer
Classification of Settlements -- - Download - Key Answer
Urban Growth and Problems -- - Download - Key Answer
Central Place Theory -- - Download - Key Answer

Lesson : 4. Industrial Systems

Classification of Industrial systems -- - Download - Key Answer
Industrial System : Functional Characteristics and linkage -- - Download - Key Answer
Factors of Industrial Location -- - Download - Key Answer
Theory of Industrial Location : Weberâ€™s Theory of Location -- - Download - Key Answer

Lesson : 5. Trade Systems

Role of Geographical Factors in Trade -- - Download - Key Answer
Geographical and Stage of Technological Development -- - Download - Key Answer
Geographical Trade Types -- - Download - Key Answer
Geographical Trade Blocs -- - Download - Key Answer
Benefits from Trade Blocs and Trade Trap and the Fall of Markets -- - Download - Key Answer

UNIT - III

HUMAN - MADE ECOSYSTEMS - II

Lesson : 6. Transport and Communication Systems

Human-made ecosystems : Transport and communication systems -- - Download - Key Answer
Human-made ecosystems : Transport Systems and Transport Types -- - Download - Key Answer
Transport Types and Classification : Road, Train, Sea, Air -- - Download - Key Answer
The Cargo Traffic -- - Download - Key Answer
Ecosystems : Information and Communication Systems : Technological, Technical Development -- - Download - Key Answer
Importance of Information Technology -- - Download - Key Answer
Communication Revolution -- - Download - Key Answer

Lesson : 7. Space Technologies

UNIT - IV

ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATIONS / MANAGEMENT

Lesson : 8. Global Freshwater

Lesson : 9. Natural Disasters

Lesson : 10. Conservation and Resource Management

Conservation and resource management -- - Download - Key Answer
History of Conservation and Resource Management -- - Download - Key Answer
History of Conservation and Resource Management In the mid-20th century -- - Download - Key Answer
Water Resources Management and Conservation Techniques -- - Download - Key Answer
Rainwater Harvesting and Techniques -- - Download - Key Answer
Inter-State River Linkages -- - Download - Key Answer

PART - II : PRACTICALS

UNIT - V

MAP INTERPRETATION AND SURVEYING

Lesson : 11. Map Interpretation

Lesson : 12. Surveying

Surveying : Definition, Types, Uses and Importance of Surveying -- - Download - Key Answer
Prismatic Compass -- - Download - Key Answer
Procedure for Undertaking Prismatic Compass Survey -- - Download - Key Answer
Indian Clinometer Survey -- - Download - Key Answer

UNIT - VI

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS

Lesson : 13. Database Management Systems and Geographical Information systems

What is Geographical Information System? -- - Download - Key Answer
Database Management Systems - Databases -- - Download - Key Answer
Applications of Geographical Information Systems -- - Download - Key Answer

Lesson : 14. Global Positioning Systems

Global Positioning System (GPS) is a Satellite Navigation System -- - Download - Key Answer
Carrier Phase Tracking (Surveying): An Application of GPS -- - Download - Key Answer

GEOGRAPHY

HIGHER SECONDARY - SECOND YEAR

CONTENTS

PART - I : THEORY

BIOSPHERE

UNIT - I

Lesson : 1. Plants, Animals and Humans

Brief Answers

11. Biomes.

12. Necton.

13. Benthos.

14. Coral reefs.

15. Estuary.

IV. Paragraph Answers

16. Wetlands.

17. Marshy lands.

18. Temperate grassland biome.

19. Cold desert biome.

20. Tropical biome.

Detailed Answers

21. Classify the types of Biomes? and Explain any one type in

detailed?

22. What are the forest products? Explain the strategies to be

followed to protect forest?

23. What is meant by corals? What are its types?

Practical Exercises

24. Discuss about the biomes in your area.

25. List the types of biomes and describe in short.

26. Prepare a scrap book with pictures of sea organisms.

27. Draw the biomes of grasslands on the world map and colour them.

28. Go on a fieldwork to the sea coast to collect materials for an exhibition.

Lesson : 2. The Human Potential

Brief Answers

15. What are the reasons for uneven distribution of population?

16. What caused the unprecedented growth in population in

the last 400 years?

17. What were the natural checks of population numbers in

the earlier times?

18. What do humans need for a life of quality?

19. How many divisions there are of working potentials on

the basis of age? What are they?

Paragraph Answers

20. How did the civilsations began and develop?

21. Trace the development of the cultures after the 16th century?

22. What are the new ideas emerging as the new lights on human evolution?

23. Describe the growth of world population.

24. What are the ideas conveyed by the general age-sex pyramid?

25. What is the meaning of Marx’s population theory?

Detailed Answers

26. Discuss the progressive and regressive age structures.

27. Write in detail about Malthus population theory.

28. Explain Human evolution? Should be omitted.

UNIT - II

HUMAN - MADE ECOSYSTEMS - I

Lesson : 3. Settlement Systems

Brief Answers

16. Site.

17. Situation.

18. Bunched village.

19. Nucleated village.

20. Twin villages.

IV Answers Paragraph

21. Migration of rural population.

22. Urban sprawl.

23. Central Place Theory.

24. Million cities.

25. Rural settlements.

Detainled Answers

26. Classify the settlements? Write about Rural and Urban

settlements?

27. Explain Walter’s Christaller’s Central place theory?

Practical Exercises

28. Make scrap book with pictures of different cities.

29. Using Christaller’s theory, define the nature of central

places around your place.

30. Conduct a field work in a town and observe it from a van

tage point and then describe it.

31. List the names of twin villages and twin towns or cities.

32. Discuss in the class about the locational character of your

village.

Lesson : 4. Industrial Systems

Brief Answers

11. Weak linkage.

12. Location theory.

13. Weight-losing raw materials.

14. Fuels.

15. Tertiary industries.

IV Paragraph Answers

16. Raw materials.

17. Quaternary industries.

18. Functional linkage.

19. Industrial regions.

20. Labour.

Detailed Answers

21. Discuss the factors of industrial location?

22. Write in detailed about Weber’s Industrial location theory?

Practical Exercises

23. Discuss the factors of industrial location.

24. Mark the industrial regions on the world map.

25. Make a list of primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary industries in your locality.

26. Collect pictures showing different industries at different satges (scrap book).

27. Visit an industry in your locality and make a report on the factors determining its location

Lesson : 5. Trade Systems

Brief Answer

11. Market tremors.

12. Trade bloc.

13. Bilateral trade.

14. International trade.

15. Rural trade.

Answers Paragraph

16. European Economic Community.

17. ASEAN.

18. Benefits from trade blocs.

19. Trade balance.

20. Trade trap.

Detailed Answers

21. Explain the geographical factors on Trade.

22. Describe the types of Trade

Practical Exercises

23. Prepare a report on finding what type of trade is being followed in your own place.

24. Discuss the merits of trade blocs in the classroom.

25. Show the countries of the ASEAN on the world map.

26. Make a list of things that show India is involved in inter national trade.

27. Visit the daily or weekly market in your place or neighbourhood and prepare a report on the activities of the market

UNIT - III

HUMAN - MADE ECOSYSTEMS - II

Lesson : 6. Transport and Communication Systems

Brief Answers

21. Demand Supply centres.

22. Transport network.

23. Junctions.

24. Routes.

25. Modes.

26. Printing revolution.

27. Deep sea link.

28. Computer Generations.

29. Information Explosion.

30. Communication education.

Paragraph Answers

31. T.G.V. Train.

32. Transport cost.

33. Seabed Tunnel Way.

34. Container.

35. Information exchanges.

Detailed Answers

36. Language and New Technology.

37. Ancient Telecommunications.

38. Importance of Information Technology.

39. Radio.

40. Satellites.

Practical Exercises

41. Conduct a discussion in the classroom on the importance

of transport.

42. Draw a map of the transport network to show the road

transport nearest to your place.

43. Looking at an international airline’s time table, draw the

air routes on a map.

44. Draw the most important railways on a world map.

45. Visit the nearest railway station to look at the information

display at the station for the trains plying several routes.

46. Classroom discussion on the development of communication.

47. Prepare a report of a discussion on the uses of information

communication.

48. Make a scrap book showing the stage-wise development

of communication media.

49. Prepare a schedule of questions to be used in an interview

of telegraph and telephone personnel in your

neighbourhood.

50. Visit the nearest radio station to learn about its working

and discuss your visit with the class.

Lesson : 7. Space Technologies

Brief Answers

17. Sensors.

18. Sun-synchorous satellite.

19. Earth station.

20. Digital numbers.

21. Remote sensing platform.

Paragraph Answers

22. Regional Remote Sensing Service Centres and their functions.

23. Activities of the National Resources Information System.

24. Basic functionalities available under image processing.

25. GIS Solutions

Detailed Answers

26. Aerial remote sensing.

27. Terrestrial radiation.

28. Geo satellite.

29. Objectives and functions of Regional Remote Sensing Service Centres.

30. Software solutions

31. Disaster Management System – Flood Damage Assessment

Practical Exercises

32. Discuss in the classroom about the uses of remote sensing.

33. Collect and paste satellite pictures from newspapers onto a scrap book.

34. Write a report on satellite pictures for particular days.

35. Visit a remote sensing unit and find out the activities towards preparing a report on the performance of the unit.

UNIT - IV

ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATIONS / MANAGEMENT

Lesson : 8. Global Freshwater

Brief Answers

21.What is the nature of water consumption in the world?

22.What are the two important crises of freshwater in the developing countries?

23.What are the problems caused by water scarcities in rural and urban areas?

24.What is land degradation?

25.What are the two means of improving the water quantity and quality?

Paragraph Answers

26. Describe the distribution of water in the world.

27. What are the causes for the declining quality of water?

28. What does the World Environment Monitoring Council say about water quality in the world?

29. Write about the world’s water demand.

30. In what ways ‘water ethics’ could be practised?

31. What are the negative impact of Aswan Dam?

Detailed Answers

32. Water is valuable resource - Explain.

33. Describe the World Health Organisation’s list of water borne and water related diseases.

34. Describe the means of water pollution.

35. Describe Water Management.

36. Describe the fresh water sources?

37. What are the causes for the drinking water scareity?

38. Describe the water crisis and world view?

Practical Exercises

35. Make a report on the quality of freshwater by the sources of freshwater.

36. Learn about the cropped area under irrigation and the use of chemical fertilisers and insecticides in wet cultivation.

Lesson : 9. Natural Disasters

Brief Answers

Give meaning of:

21. Natural disaster

22. Hazard

23. Landslide

24. Earthquake

25. Global warming

26. Sea level change

27. Desertification

28. Resilience

29. Vulnerability

30. Human response

Paragraph Answers

31. What is meant by disaster prediction?

32. What is meant by disaster-development continuum?

33. Write about the impact of landslides on buildings.

34. What is the importance of warnings of disasters?

35. How do we assess risk in regard to a disaster?

36. Four phases of emergency management for hazards – discuss.

37. NDVI – elaborate its importance.

38. How is desertification caused?

39. Write a paragraph on temperature changes.

40. Discuss causes of desertification or floods.

VI Detailed Answers

41. Write a note on the natural disasters.

42. Write a reasonable account of desertification in Sahel.

43. Write about the principal lessons of Turkey 1999 earthquake.

44. Relate disasters and health epidemic.

45. Write an essay on the desertification and droughts in India.

46. How should we be prepared for facing a disaster – say, flood?

47. Describe the impacts of earthquakes or floods.

48. Write about international efforts in regard to disaster mitigation.

Practical Exercises

49. Teachers and students visit an institute of research concerned with disaster studies.

50. Teachers guide students to debate on the community roles in disaster mitigation and students bring to the debate lists of disastrous or hazardous events in India.

Lesson : 10. Conservation and Resource Management

Brief Answers

21. Biodiversity

22. Conservation of wildlife

23. Rainwater harvesting

24. Inter-State River Linkages

25. Entry 17, List II (State List)

Paragraph Answers

26. Management of natural resources in the United States

27. Uses of dams and reservoirs

28. Four different approaches recognized by the Scientists for resource management.

Detailed Answers

29. Describe the history of conservation and resources man agement.

30. Write about the important conservation and environmental advocacy related events of the 20th century.

31. Discuss the water conservation techniques.

Practical Exercises

32. Students visit a National Parks or a Conservation / Protected Area to learn about their functions.

33. Teacher guides the students in debating the needs, objectives and solutions for resources management problems of the local area.

PART - II : PRACTICALS

UNIT - V

MAP INTERPRETATION AND SURVEYING

Lesson : 11. Map Interpretation

Brief Answers

13. Name the three basic principles of map interpretation.

14. What is weather?

15. Name the factors that weather and climate depend on?

16. What is a weather map?

17. What is map symbol?

18. What are highs and lows?

19. What is Variation Analysis?

20. What is NCMRWF?

Paragraph Answers

21. Write note on the three principles of map reading.

22. Write a note on the map symbols for weather and clouds.

23. What does Coriolis force do to the winds?

24. Write a note on the Conventional Synoptic Weather Fore casting.

25. Describe Numerical Weather Prediction method of weather forecasting.

Detailed Answers

26. Write an essay on the three basic principles of map interpretation.

27. Write in detail about the sequence of learning of map skills.

28. Write an essay on weather maps and their interpretation.

Practical Exercises

29. Using an Indian toposheet, interpret the land use characteristics of the area depicted on the map.

30. Using a weather map, discuss the elements of weather in some detail.

Lesson : 12. Surveying

I Brief Answers

1. What is surveying?

2. Name three specific types of surveying?

3. What is a compass?

4. What is an Indian Clinometer?

5. What is traversing?

II Paragraph Answers

6. Write a note on the uses and importance of surveying.

7. What is meant by local attractions? What do they do?

8. List the equipments required for conducting prismatic compass survey.

9. What are pre-survey checks?

10. What is Magnetic North?

11. What is True North?

12. What is Azimuth?

13. What are forward and back bearings and how are they measured?

14. How is height measured using Indian Clinometer?

Detailed Answers

15. Write the step-wise procedure for undertaking prismatic compass survey.

16. Write about booking of the field data.

17. How do foresters measure volume of trees the smart way?

Practical Exercises

18. Visit a surveyors’ office nearby. If not possible, visit a local surveyor to discuss with him about surveying and survey instruments.

19. Teachers find a surveyor or an engineer who is knowledgeable about surveying for a talk with the students.

UNIT - VI

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS

Lesson : 13. Database Management Systems and Geographical Information systems

I. Brief Answers

1. What are the two important approaches to keeping the computers in use?

2. What are the two ways in which spatially referenced data bases could be generated?

3. Describe the usefulness of relational database management systems (RDBMS)?

4. What are Geographical Information Systems?

Paragraph Answers

5. Explain the methods of mapping using spatially referenced databases?

6. Describe the uses of GIS.

Lesson : 14. Global Positioning Systems

I. Brief Answers

1. What is GPS and what is its purpose?

2. Name the GPS Segments and write briefly about each one of them.

3. What is the use of a mobile GPS unit?

4. What do we mean by a Base Station Software?

5. What are GPS errors and what do we understand by noise, bias and blunder?

Detailed Answers

6. What do we understand by Carrier Phase tracking?

7. Discuss Automatic Vehicle Location (AVL) and tell us about the technology.

8. Write in detail about one of the applications of GPS.

9. What are the ways in which GPS could be made to function?

10. What are the GPS Error Sources?

CONTENTS

PART - I : THEORY

BIOSPHERE

UNIT - I

Lesson : 1. Plants, Animals and Humans

Lesson : 2. The Human Potential

UNIT - II

HUMAN - MADE ECOSYSTEMS - I

Lesson : 3. Settlement Systems

Lesson : 4. Industrial Systems

Lesson : 5. Trade Systems

UNIT - III

HUMAN - MADE ECOSYSTEMS - II

Lesson : 6. Transport and Communication Systems

Lesson : 7. Space Technologies

UNIT - IV

ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATIONS / MANAGEMENT

Lesson : 8. Global Freshwater

Lesson : 9. Natural Disasters

Lesson : 10. Conservation and Resource Management

PART - II : PRACTICALS

UNIT - V

MAP INTERPRETATION AND SURVEYING

Lesson : 11. Map Interpretation

Lesson : 12. Surveying

UNIT - VI

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS

Lesson : 13. Database Management Systems and Geographical Information systems

Lesson : 14. Global Positioning Systems

List of Department

Wednesday 30 March 2016

12 th Std Class Geography - Importance questions with Answer Key

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